What Is Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)?

What it is

AFP is a fetal protein that falls to low levels after birth but rises again in some liver cancers.

Why it matters

AFP is a tumor marker associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, used in high-risk surveillance.

Specimen

Whole blood / serum / plasma

Interpretation

Elevated = supports hepatocellular carcinoma monitoring (or other conditions).

Limitations

Not diagnostic — rises in benign liver disease and pregnancy; use with imaging.

Related test: AFP Rapid Test — specimen: WB / S / P