Knowledge Base

Guides and analyte explainers for IVD rapid testing — written for buyers and point-of-care users.

Testing Guides

Testing Methodologies
Lateral flow vs fluorescence immunoassay (FIA).
Specimen Types
Blood, serum, plasma, swab, urine, feces, oral fluid.
Sensitivity & Specificity
PPV, NPV and reading test accuracy.
The Diagnostic Window
Why timing determines test accuracy.
Screening vs Confirmatory
Two-tier diagnosis explained.
Storage & Transport
Temperature, shelf life and no cold chain.
How to Read a Result
Control line, test line and common errors.
QC Requirements
Internal control, lot records, ISO 13485.
Supplier Evaluation Checklist
How to evaluate an IVD rapid test supplier.

Analyte Explainers (35)

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Amphetamine Benzodiazepines C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Calprotectin Cardiac Troponin (cTnI / cTnT) CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) CK-MB (Creatine Kinase-MB) Cocaine (Benzoylecgonine) D-Dimer Dengue NS1 Antigen Fentanyl Ferritin Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) H-FABP (Heart Fatty Acid-Binding Protein) H. pylori Antigen HbA1c (Glycated Hemoglobin) Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) Hepatitis C Antibodies (Anti-HCV) HIV-1/2 Antibodies Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Ketamine Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Methadone Methamphetamine Morphine Myoglobin Opiates (Class) Procalcitonin (PCT) Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) SAA (Serum Amyloid A) THC (Cannabis) TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) Vitamin D (25-OH) Xylazine

Diagnostic Technology

Colloidal Gold Lateral Flow
How lateral-flow immunoassay works.
Colloidal Gold Conjugation
Antibody–gold nanoparticle conjugation.
Nitrocellulose Membrane
Test and control lines.
Fluorescence Immunoassay (FIA)
Quantitative readout.